Unless I'm mistaken, there are very few sources for exotic ciphers. You can get 1 per week from Xur, and 1 per 12 exotic engrams if you decide to spend 2 ascendant shards each. And there are a few for completing the first rank of vendors in a season (1 per vendor).
As a returning player, I don't have many lost sector exotic armour pieces. This creates a problem for me as it will take months to unlock what I could have done in a week or so before. Not to mention I also have exotic weapons to buy from the kiosk on top of that. I have 45 exotics left to get and that's not including the fact I'm going to want to spend them on artifice slots for builds I want to make.
Its a very slow process, I'd love to sink some time into grinding for them but there is no good way to do this. The obvious implementation would be to include them in the lost sector loot pool. I'd rather not have to grind 20+ ascendant shards per cipher.
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Try being a new player, there's like 90 kiosk guns that all require ciphers